合 Duplicating a Database Without Recovery Catalog or Target Connection

2022年11月7日

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👉 本文共约14890个字，系统预计阅读时间或需56分钟。

duplicate体系结构
本次实验简介
本次实验原理图
环境及搭建要求
对辅助数据库的要求
正式开始
前期准备
建表
数据库归档模式
备份数据库
将备份内容拷贝到destination host
创建pfile 参数文件
创建和source database的数据文件相关的目录结构
创建密码文件
实施数据库的复制
启动Auxiliary 到nomout 状态
连接到auxiliary instance并复制数据库
可能的报错
验证
drop database

1. duplicate体系结构

搞点英语出来吧，英语不好的哥们就好好翻译翻译吧，这段英语是必须看懂的。。。。

You can duplicate a source database to a destination database, which can be on the same or different computers. The database instance associated with the duplicate database is called the auxiliary instance. All duplication techniques require a connection to the auxiliary instance. The diagram shows you the following techniques for database duplication:

From an active database, connected to the target and auxiliary instances
From backup, connected to the target and auxiliary instances
From backup, connected to the auxiliary instance, not connected to the target, but with recovery catalog connection
From backup, connected to the auxiliary instance, not connected to the target and the recovery catalog

Choosing a technique to duplicate your database—always with connection to the auxiliary instance:

简单点就是 ①基于备份，而基于备份又分为3种情况 ②基于活动数据库

本次实验简介

本次实验就是基于备份，但是不连接到目标数据库，也不连接到恢复目录。

When you duplicate a database without a target database connection and without a recovery catalog, RMAN uses a BACKUP LOCATION where all necessary backups and copies reside.

The diagram illustrates backup-based duplication without connections to the target or to the recovery catalog database instance. A disk backup location containing all the backups or copies for duplication must be available to the destination host.

本次实验原理图

环境及搭建要求

环境：

Destination host ：192.168.59.133 sid：orcl database：11gR2

注意事项说明：

这里的duplicate database 和 source database 的目录结构完全一样
源数据库和辅助数据库的几种不同名称：source/target database ---->>>>>----- (destination host)/duplicate database (auxiliary instance)

source database环境：

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE 11.2.0.1.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

对辅助数据库的要求

辅助数据库应该提前安装好数据库，配置好环境变量。。。。。

辅助数据库的环境变量配置：

[root@rhel6 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ more .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

# User specific environment and startup programs

export PATH=$PATH:/sbin/:$HOME/bin

# for oracle user

unset USERNAME

export GLOBAL_DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=192.168.59.133

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl

export EDITOR=vi

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

umask 022

#export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"

export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin

alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'

alias rman='rlwrap rman'

alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'

alias alert_log='tail -200f $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLESID/trace/alert$ORACLE_SID.log'

alias alert_xml='tail -200f $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/alert/log.xml'

alias alert_listener='tail -200f $ORACLE_BASE/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/trace/listener.log'

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$

正式开始
1. 前期准备
  1. 建表

--登录源数据库并创建一个新的表

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ sqlplus lhr/lhr

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Jul 20 20:54:04 2014

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create table test_duplicate(id number,text varchar2(20));

Table created.

SQL> insert into test_duplicate values(1,'a');

1 row created.

SQL> insert into test_duplicate values(2,'b');

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL>

数据库归档模式

让源数据库处于归档模式：

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Jul 20 20:57:18 2014

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence 31

Next log sequence to archive 33

Current log sequence 33

SQL>

备份数据库

--备份source database并将备份传送到destination database

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Jul 20 20:59:18 2014

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1379935487)

RMAN> backup database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete input;

Starting backup at 20-JUL-14

current log archived

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=40 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=1 sequence=5 RECID=1 STAMP=852157306

input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=2 STAMP=852374702

input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=3 STAMP=852384088

input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=4 STAMP=852384132

input archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RECID=5 STAMP=852384155

input archived log thread=1 sequence=10 RECID=6 STAMP=852384188

input archived log thread=1 sequence=11 RECID=7 STAMP=852384214

input archived log thread=1 sequence=12 RECID=8 STAMP=852384270

input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=9 STAMP=852384372

input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=10 STAMP=852384413

input archived log thread=1 sequence=15 RECID=11 STAMP=852384454

input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=12 STAMP=852384496

input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=13 STAMP=852384541

input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=14 STAMP=852384629

input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=15 STAMP=852384675

input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=16 STAMP=852384764

input archived log thread=1 sequence=21 RECID=17 STAMP=852385529

input archived log thread=1 sequence=22 RECID=18 STAMP=852391136

input archived log thread=1 sequence=23 RECID=19 STAMP=852398713

input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=20 STAMP=852398768

input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=21 STAMP=852398817

input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=22 STAMP=852398883

input archived log thread=1 sequence=27 RECID=23 STAMP=852398933

input archived log thread=1 sequence=28 RECID=24 STAMP=852426016

input archived log thread=1 sequence=29 RECID=25 STAMP=852464305

input archived log thread=1 sequence=30 RECID=26 STAMP=853429674

input archived log thread=1 sequence=31 RECID=27 STAMP=853431462

input archived log thread=1 sequence=32 RECID=28 STAMP=853437035

input archived log thread=1 sequence=33 RECID=29 STAMP=853448427

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_07_20/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140720T2100279wqhcdsw.bkp tag=TAG20140720T210027 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:26

channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_05/o1_mf_1_59vj2hrk1.arc RECID=1 STAMP=852157306

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_69vppscdl.arc RECID=2 STAMP=852374702

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_79vpzyom3.arc RECID=3 STAMP=852384088

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_89vq0006p.arc RECID=4 STAMP=852384132

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_99vq00or2.arc RECID=5 STAMP=852384155

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_109vq01noz.arc RECID=6 STAMP=852384188

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_119vq02jpc.arc RECID=7 STAMP=852384214

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_129vq049l9.arc RECID=8 STAMP=852384270

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_139vq07lm2.arc RECID=9 STAMP=852384372

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_149vq08t5m.arc RECID=10 STAMP=852384413

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_159vq0b484.arc RECID=11 STAMP=852384454

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_169vq0cgcr.arc RECID=12 STAMP=852384496

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_179vq0dvgv.arc RECID=13 STAMP=852384541

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_189vq0hlld.arc RECID=14 STAMP=852384629

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_199vq0k2n4.arc RECID=15 STAMP=852384675

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_209vq0mssr.arc RECID=16 STAMP=852384764

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_219vq1cn5m.arc RECID=17 STAMP=852385529

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_229vq6v0g7.arc RECID=18 STAMP=852391136

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_239vqg7jyw.arc RECID=19 STAMP=852398713

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_249vqg9c92.arc RECID=20 STAMP=852398768

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_259vqgbt43.arc RECID=21 STAMP=852398817

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_269vqgdv00.arc RECID=22 STAMP=852398883

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_08/o1_mf_1_279vqggh4k.arc RECID=23 STAMP=852398933

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_09/o1_mf_1_289vr8wxfx.arc RECID=24 STAMP=852426016

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_09/o1_mf_1_299vsg9jqw.arc RECID=25 STAMP=852464305

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_20/o1_mf_1_309wpx0zbh.arc RECID=26 STAMP=853429674

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_20/o1_mf_1_319wpys3xn.arc RECID=27 STAMP=853431462

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_20/o1_mf_1_329wq47c1r.arc RECID=28 STAMP=853437035

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_20/o1_mf_1_339wqhcc06.arc RECID=29 STAMP=853448427

Finished backup at 20-JUL-14

Starting backup at 20-JUL-14

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_07_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140720T2101559wqhg4nj.bkp tag=TAG20140720T210155 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_07_20/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140720T2101559wqhjkgq.bkp tag=TAG20140720T210155 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 20-JUL-14

Starting backup at 20-JUL-14

current log archived

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=1 sequence=34 RECID=30 STAMP=853448595

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-JUL-14

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_07_20/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140720T2103159wqhjmb6.bkp tag=TAG20140720T210315 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2014_07_20/o1_mf_1_349wqhjlyf.arc RECID=30 STAMP=853448595

Finished backup at 20-JUL-14

RMAN>

这里记录备份位置(Backup location)，默认在闪回恢复区，后边恢复的时候需要使用：

/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_07_20/

将备份内容拷贝到destination host

[oracle@rhel6 orcl]$ scp -r /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ oracle@192.168.59.133:/u01/app/oracle/

oracle@192.168.59.133's password:

o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140720T2100279wqhcdsw.bkp 100% 1055MB 10.6MB/s 01:40

o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140720T2101559wqhjkgq.bkp 100% 9632KB 3.1MB/s 00:03

o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140720T2101559wqhg4nj.bkp 100% 1018MB 10.7MB/s 01:35

o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140720T2103159wqhjmb6.bkp 100% 1266KB 1.2MB/s 00:00

[oracle@rhel6 orcl]$

创建pfile 参数文件

--生成文本初始化参数文件并传送到destination host

[oracle@rhel6 orcl]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Jul 20 21:32:25 2014

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@rhel6 orcl]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$ ll

total 9592

-rw-rw----. 1 oracle oinstall 1544 Jul 20 15:47 hc_orcl.dat

-rw-rw----. 1 oracle oinstall 1544 Jul 9 11:39 hc_rman.dat

-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora

-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1015 Jul 20 21:32 initorcl.ora

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 24 Jul 5 21:39 lkORCL

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 24 Jul 5 21:56 lkRMAN

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Jul 10 16:33 orapworcl

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Jul 9 16:32 orapwrman

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9781248 Jul 20 21:03 snapcf_orcl.f

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 3584 Jul 20 15:58 spfileorcl.ora

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2560 Jul 9 16:37 spfilerman.ora

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora oracle@192.168.59.133:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/

oracle@192.168.59.133's password:

initorcl.ora 100% 1015 1.0KB/s 00:00

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$

确保传递到目的地：

创建和source database的数据文件相关的目录结构

根据传递过来的参数文件来创建目录：

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$ more initorcl.ora

orcl.__db_cache_size=50331648

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=130023424

orcl.__sga_target=184549376

orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0

orcl.__shared_pool_size=117440512

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain='lhr.com'

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=1000

*.local_listener='LSNR_ORCL'

*.log_archiveformat='%t%s_%r.dbf'

*.memory_target=314572800

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=50

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sessions=60

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$

创建密码文件

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$ orapwd file=?/dbs/orapworcl password=lhr

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$ ll -h

total 12K

-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2.8K May 15 2009 init.ora

-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 13 Jul 20 16:03 initorcl.ora

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1.5K Jul 20 16:09 orapworcl

[oracle@rhel6 dbs]$

实施数据库的复制

--启动auxiliary instance到nomount状态

启动Auxiliary 到nomout 状态

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Jul 20 16:48:04 2014

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes

Fixed Size 2211928 bytes

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合 Duplicating a Database Without Recovery Catalog or Target Connection

duplicate体系结构

本次实验简介

本次实验原理图

环境及搭建要求

对辅助数据库的要求

正式开始

前期准备

建表

数据库归档模式

备份数据库

将备份内容拷贝到destination host

创建pfile 参数文件

创建和source database的数据文件相关的目录结构

创建密码文件

实施数据库的复制

启动Auxiliary 到nomout 状态

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合 Duplicating a Database Without Recovery Catalog or Target Connection

duplicate体系结构

本次实验简介

本次实验原理图

环境及搭建要求

对辅助数据库的要求

正式开始

前期准备

建表

数据库归档模式

备份数据库

将备份内容拷贝到destination host

创建pfile 参数文件

创建和source database的数据文件相关的目录结构

创建密码文件

实施数据库的复制

启动Auxiliary 到nomout 状态

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