合使用脚本初始化并挂载Linux数据盘

2021年11月20日

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👉 本文共约1820个字，系统预计阅读时间或需7分钟。

使用方法
脚本内容
详细说明
操作场景
前提条件
约束与限制
初始化新挂载的磁盘
初始化已使用的磁盘

使用脚本初始化Linux数据盘

使用方法

参考：https://support.huaweicloud.com/qs-evs/evs_01_0105.html

wget https://ecs-instance-driver.obs.cn-north-1.myhuaweicloud.com/datadisk/LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh
chmod +x LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh
./LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh

wget https://ecs-instance-driver.obs.cn-north-1.myhuaweicloud.com/datadisk/LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh

chmod +x LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh

./LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh

脚本内容

cat >  LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh <<"EOF"
#!/bin/bash

# Author:     Seaton Jiang <seaton@vtrois.com>
# Maintainer：Sibiao Luo <sibiaoluo@huawei.com>
# Github URL: https://github.com/Vtrois/SpacePack
# License:    Apache License 2.0
# Date：      2017-08-03

export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
clear
echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 1: Initializing script and check root privilege\033[0m"
if [ "$(id -u)" = "0" ];then  
        echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"
        yum -y install e4fsprogs > /dev/null 2>&1
        echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the script is ready to be installed!\033[0m"
else
        echo -e "\033[31mError, this script must be run as root!\n\033[0m"
        exit 1
fi
echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 2: Show all active disks:\033[0m"
fdisk -l 2>/dev/null | grep -o "Disk /dev/.*d[a-z]" | grep -v "/dev/vda"
echo -e -n "\n\033[36mStep 3: Please choose the disk(e.g.: /dev/vdb and q to quit):\033[0m"
read Disk
if [ $Disk == q ];then
        exit
fi
until fdisk -l 2>/dev/null | grep -o "Disk /dev/.*d[a-z]" | grep -v "/dev/vda" | grep "Disk $Disk" &>/dev/null;do
echo -e -n "\033[31mOops, something went wrong, please try again (e.g.: /dev/vdb or q to quit):\033[0m"
        read Disk
        if [ $Disk == q ];then
                exit
        fi
done
while mount | grep "$Disk" > /dev/null 2>&1;do
        echo -e "\033[31m\nYour disk has been mounted:\033[0m"
        mount | grep "$Disk"
        echo -e -n "\033[31m\nForce uninstalling? [y/n]:\033[0m"
        read Umount
        until [ $Umount == y -o $Umount == n ];do
                echo -e -n "\033[31mOops, something went wrong, please try again [y/n]:\033[0m"
                read Umount
        done
        if [ $Umount == n ];then
                exit
        else
                echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"
                for i in `mount | grep "$Disk" | awk '{print $3}'`;do
                        fuser -km $i >/dev/null
                        umount $i >/dev/null
                        temp=`echo $Disk | sed 's;/;\\\/;g'`
                        sed -i -e "/^$temp/d" /etc/fstab
                        sleep 2
                done
                echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the disk is unloaded!\033[0m"
        fi
        echo -e -n "\n\033[36mReady to begin to format the disk? [y/n]:\033[0m"
        read Choice
        until [ $Choice == y -o $Choice == n ];do
                echo -e -n "\033[31mOops, something went wrong, please try again [y/n]:\033[0m"
                read Choice
        done
        if [ $Choice == n ];then
                exit
        else
                echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"
                dd if=/dev/zero of=$Disk bs=512 count=1 &>/dev/null
                sleep 2
        sync
        fi
        echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the disk has been formatted!\033[0m"
done
echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 4: The disk is partitioning and formatting\033[0m"
echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"
fdisk_mkfs() {
fdisk -S 56 $1 << EOF
n
p
1

wq
EOF

sleep 2
mkfs.ext4 ${1}1
}
fdisk_mkfs $Disk > /dev/null 2>&1
echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the disk has been partitioned and formatted!\033[0m"
echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 5: Make a directory and mount it\033[0m"
echo -e -n "\033[33mPlease enter a location to mount (e.g.: /mnt/data):\033[0m"
read Mount
mkdir $Mount > /dev/null 2>&1
mount ${Disk}1 $Mount
echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the mount is completed!\033[0m"
echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 6: Write configuration to /etc/fstab and mount device\033[0m"
echo ${Disk}1 $Mount 'ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the /etc/fstab is Write!\033[0m"
echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 7: Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides\033[0m"
df -h
sleep 2
echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 8: Show the write configuration to /etc/fstab\033[0m"
cat /etc/fstab
EOF

100

101

102

103

cat > LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh <<"EOF"

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Seaton Jiang <seaton@vtrois.com>

# Maintainer：Sibiao Luo <sibiaoluo@huawei.com>

# Github URL: https://github.com/Vtrois/SpacePack

# License: Apache License 2.0

# Date： 2017-08-03

export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

clear

echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 1: Initializing script and check root privilege\033[0m"

if [ "$(id -u)" = "0" ];then

echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"

yum -y install e4fsprogs > /dev/null 2>&1

echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the script is ready to be installed!\033[0m"

else

echo -e "\033[31mError, this script must be run as root!\n\033[0m"

exit 1

echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 2: Show all active disks:\033[0m"

fdisk -l 2>/dev/null | grep -o "Disk /dev/.*d[a-z]" | grep -v "/dev/vda"

echo -e -n "\n\033[36mStep 3: Please choose the disk(e.g.: /dev/vdb and q to quit):\033[0m"

read Disk

if [ $Disk == q ];then

exit

until fdisk -l 2>/dev/null | grep -o "Disk /dev/.*d[a-z]" | grep -v "/dev/vda" | grep "Disk $Disk" &>/dev/null;do

echo -e -n "\033[31mOops, something went wrong, please try again (e.g.: /dev/vdb or q to quit):\033[0m"

read Disk

if [ $Disk == q ];then

exit

done

while mount | grep "$Disk" > /dev/null 2>&1;do

echo -e "\033[31m\nYour disk has been mounted:\033[0m"

mount | grep "$Disk"

echo -e -n "\033[31m\nForce uninstalling? [y/n]:\033[0m"

read Umount

until [ $Umount == y -o $Umount == n ];do

echo -e -n "\033[31mOops, something went wrong, please try again [y/n]:\033[0m"

read Umount

done

if [ $Umount == n ];then

exit

else

echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"

for i in `mount | grep "$Disk" | awk '{print $3}'`;do

fuser -km $i >/dev/null

umount $i >/dev/null

temp=`echo $Disk | sed 's;/;\\\/;g'`

sed -i -e "/^$temp/d" /etc/fstab

sleep 2

done

echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the disk is unloaded!\033[0m"

echo -e -n "\n\033[36mReady to begin to format the disk? [y/n]:\033[0m"

read Choice

until [ $Choice == y -o $Choice == n ];do

echo -e -n "\033[31mOops, something went wrong, please try again [y/n]:\033[0m"

read Choice

done

if [ $Choice == n ];then

exit

else

echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"

dd if=/dev/zero of=$Disk bs=512 count=1 &>/dev/null

sleep 2

sync

echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the disk has been formatted!\033[0m"

done

echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 4: The disk is partitioning and formatting\033[0m"

echo -e "\033[33mIs running, please wait!\033[0m"

fdisk_mkfs() {

fdisk -S 56 $1 << EOF

EOF

sleep 2

mkfs.ext4 ${1}1

}

fdisk_mkfs $Disk > /dev/null 2>&1

echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the disk has been partitioned and formatted!\033[0m"

echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 5: Make a directory and mount it\033[0m"

echo -e -n "\033[33mPlease enter a location to mount (e.g.: /mnt/data):\033[0m"

read Mount

mkdir $Mount > /dev/null 2>&1

mount ${Disk}1 $Mount

echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the mount is completed!\033[0m"

echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 6: Write configuration to /etc/fstab and mount device\033[0m"

echo ${Disk}1 $Mount 'ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

echo -e "\033[32mSuccess, the /etc/fstab is Write!\033[0m"

echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 7: Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides\033[0m"

df -h

sleep 2

echo -e "\n\033[36mStep 8: Show the write configuration to /etc/fstab\033[0m"

cat /etc/fstab

EOF

详细说明

操作场景

本文以云服务器的操作系统为“CentOS 7.4 64位”为例，采用初始化数据盘脚本的方式为数据盘设置分区。

不同云服务器的操作系统的格式化操作可能不同，本文仅供参考，具体操作步骤和差异请参考对应的云服务器操作系统的产品文档。

须知：

首次使用磁盘时，如果您未参考本章节对磁盘执行初始化操作，主要包括创建分区和文件系统等操作，那么当后续扩容磁盘时，新增容量部分的磁盘可能无法正常使用。

前提条件

已挂载数据盘至云服务器，且该数据盘未初始化。
已登录云服务器。
- 弹性云服务器请参见登录弹性云服务器。
- 裸金属服务器请参见登录裸金属服务器。

约束与限制

该初始化脚本仅适用于划分普通partition分区，做ext4的文件系统。不适用于划分LVM或VG分区。

初始化新挂载的磁盘

登录云服务器，执行以下命令获取自动初始化磁盘脚本。
wget https://ecs-instance-driver.obs.cn-north-1.myhuaweicloud.com/datadisk/LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh
1
wget https://ecs-instance-driver.obs.cn-north-1.myhuaweicloud.com/datadisk/LinuxVMDataDiskAutoInitialize.sh
说明：
若回显异常，请检查云服务器是否绑定弹性公网IP。除华北-北京一外的区域，绑定弹性公网IP后才能获取脚本。
修改自动初始化磁盘脚本权限
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合使用脚本初始化并挂载Linux数据盘

使用脚本初始化Linux数据盘

使用方法

脚本内容